Corretion and Retraction
Correction and Retraction Policy
Jurnal Pemerintahan dan Politik (JPP), published by Universitas Indo Global Mandiri, is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. When errors or ethical concerns are identified in a published article, the journal will take appropriate action to correct the scholarly record in accordance with established publication ethics principles and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines.
Corrections and retractions are intended to maintain the reliability of published research and inform readers of relevant changes or concerns. The journal distinguishes between honest errors and research or publication misconduct. All cases are assessed fairly, confidentially, and objectively, without undue influence from authors, reviewers, editors, or other parties.
1. Types of Corrections and Editorial Notices
Depending on the nature and significance of the issue, JPP may publish one of the following notices:
a. Erratum (Publisher's Correction)
An erratum is issued when a significant error is introduced by the journal during editing, typesetting, metadata preparation, or publication. Examples include incorrect author affiliations, publication details, figures, tables, or other production errors. The journal will correct the affected information and publish a notice when necessary to maintain the accuracy of the scholarly record.
b. Corrigendum (Author's Correction)
A corrigendum is issued when an author identifies a significant error in a published article that requires correction but does not invalidate the principal findings or conclusions. Examples include errors in data presentation, figures, tables, references, author information, funding statements, or declarations of competing interests. The editor will assess the proposed correction and determine whether a formal notice is necessary.
Minor typographical, grammatical, or formatting errors that do not affect the interpretation, accuracy, or citation of an article may be corrected without a separate notice, at the editor's discretion.
c. Expression of Concern
An expression of concern may be published when credible concerns arise regarding the reliability, integrity, or ethical compliance of a published article, but the available evidence is inconclusive or an investigation is still ongoing. The notice will explain the nature of the concern as clearly and objectively as possible without reaching an unsupported conclusion. The journal may update the record when further evidence becomes available.
2. Retraction of Published Articles
Retraction may be considered when serious problems undermine the reliability, integrity, or ethical legitimacy of a published article. Grounds for retraction may include, but are not limited to:
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Clear evidence that the findings are unreliable because of major errors, data fabrication, data falsification, or other forms of misrepresentation.
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Substantial plagiarism, redundant publication, or duplicate publication without appropriate justification or attribution.
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Serious violations of research ethics, including the unauthorized use of data or materials or failure to comply with applicable ethical requirements.
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Manipulation or serious compromise of the peer-review or publication process.
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Undisclosed competing interests that materially affected the interpretation of the findings or the editorial decision.
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Other serious forms of research or publication misconduct that compromise the reliability of the scholarly record.
Retraction may be initiated by the authors, the editor, the publisher, the authors' institution, or another party providing credible evidence. The editor will assess the evidence, consult the authors and relevant parties where appropriate, and may seek advice from independent experts or the authors' institutions.
The final editorial decision rests with the Editor-in-Chief or an appropriately appointed independent editor. Authors will normally be given an opportunity to respond to the concerns. However, an author's disagreement or failure to respond will not prevent the journal from proceeding when the evidence justifies retraction.
Retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record, not to punish authors. Where a serious concern remains unresolved, the journal may publish an expression of concern while further assessment is undertaken.
3. Retraction Notice and Article Availability
When an article is retracted, JPP will publish a clear, publicly accessible retraction notice that:
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Identifies the article by title, author names, publication details, and DOI, where available.
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Clearly states that the article has been retracted.
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Explains the reasons for retraction in objective and factual language.
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Identifies the party or parties initiating the retraction, where appropriate.
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Indicates whether the authors agree or disagree with the retraction, where relevant and appropriate.
The retraction notice will be linked to the original article, and the original article will be clearly identified as retracted. Where technically feasible, the PDF will be marked with a “RETRACTED” watermark, and the article metadata and DOI records will be updated as appropriate.
The original article will ordinarily remain accessible to preserve the transparency of the scholarly record. Removal of the full text will be considered only in exceptional circumstances, such as a legal requirement, serious infringement of legal rights, or a substantial risk to personal privacy or safety. In such cases, the journal will retain an explanatory notice and relevant bibliographic information to the extent legally permissible.
4. Procedure for Requesting a Correction or Retraction
Authors, readers, reviewers, researchers, institutions, or other concerned parties may submit a request or report regarding a published article to the editorial office through the journal's official contact channels.
A request should include:
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The title and DOI or URL of the published article.
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A clear description of the suspected error or concern.
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The relevant page, section, figure, table, or passage.
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Supporting evidence and, where applicable, the proposed correction.
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The requester's name and contact information, which will be handled confidentially where appropriate.
The editorial office will acknowledge receipt of a report, normally within seven working days. The editor will conduct an initial assessment and may request additional information, consult the authors, seek independent expert advice, or refer the matter to the relevant institution when necessary.
The time required to reach a decision depends on the complexity of the case, the availability of evidence, and the need for external investigation. The journal will aim to handle cases promptly and will communicate relevant procedural updates where appropriate.
The journal may proceed with a correction, expression of concern, retraction, or no further action, depending on the evidence and the significance of the issue. The reasons for the editorial decision will be documented.
5. Editorial Independence, Confidentiality, and Appeals
All correction and retraction requests will be assessed objectively and without discrimination. Reports will be handled confidentially to the extent possible, while allowing the journal to conduct a fair assessment and comply with applicable legal or ethical obligations.
If the Editor-in-Chief has a competing interest or is directly involved in the case, the matter will be assigned to an independent editor or an appropriate representative of the publisher.
Authors or other directly affected parties who believe that a decision was based on a factual or procedural error may submit a reasoned appeal to the editorial office. Appeals will be reviewed by an editor who was not responsible for the original decision, where practicable. An appeal does not automatically suspend necessary actions to protect the integrity of the scholarly record.
6. Policy and Publication Ethics
This policy is applied in conjunction with JPP's Research Misconduct Policy, Publication Ethics Policy, Conflict of Interest Policy, and other relevant editorial policies.
JPP follows the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and may consult its guidance when handling complex cases. The journal reserves the right to take appropriate action when credible evidence indicates that a published article requires correction, an expression of concern, or retraction.
